Russia Defence Forum

Would you like to react to this message? Create an account in a few clicks or log in to continue.

Military Forum for Russian and Global Defence Issues


+29
Arkanghelsk
owais.usmani
ALAMO
Arrow
Mir
Krepost
Rodion_Romanovic
Backman
Isos
Singular_Transform
JohninMK
Rowdyhorse4
SeigSoloyvov
PapaDragon
Rmf
Dima
Singular_trafo
Big_Gazza
rambo54
CaptainPakistan
dionis
Viktor
TR1
KomissarBojanchev
TheArmenian
Austin
GarryB
runaway
George1
33 posters

    Project 945: Sierra class

    avatar
    Arrow


    Posts : 2720
    Points : 2712
    Join date : 2012-02-12

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  Arrow Fri Dec 10, 2021 10:02 am

    Yasen M can go down to 600m, but this is probably the maximum depth.  The hulls are made of HY 130 steel. A titanium hull costs as much as two steel ones.  I think that if it would give such an advantage, Russia could perform, for example, Yasen with a titanium hull.  However, they gave up on this.I do not know if the costs are decisive here, or if the descent to much greater depths alone does not give so many advantages to build titanium hulls. Russia could afford such ships and they have a lot of titanium. Very Happy
    avatar
    ALAMO


    Posts : 6707
    Points : 6797
    Join date : 2014-11-25

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  ALAMO Fri Dec 10, 2021 10:24 am

    That is not a matter of the material price per see, but the technology involved, and the cost of that technology.
    The main issue is that titanium reacts with steel acting as a cathode when steel is the anode.
    So it increase the corrosion of steel elements, forcing the designers to replace the steel from the whole structure with titanium or other non-reacting materials.
    Every single bloody pipe must be made of titanium. That requires a whole new business, alongside the steel one, so functionally doubles the cost of the industrial base you must create to deal with that.
    And that is only the beginning.
    Welding of Ti is performed in a neutral gas atmosphere because it's melting point is below the ignition point.
    So you need big size gas chambers at the yard facility and a specially trained crew with all the skills&approvances for special welding.
    It is close to impossible to make a chamber big enough to weld the whole hull section, you can't weld the blocks on the slipway, so a brand new method of combining the blocks must be mastered. You can't weld the whole length piping system, so you need to combine them again and use a different method of sealing the system.
    That is a huge mess in the supply chain, a giant additional industrial base needed to be created and sustained along with the traditional one, a huge human resources requirements, and needs extremely solid supervision.
    That all combined makes them "golden fishes", not the price of the metal itself pirat

    Arrow, Big_Gazza, Mir and Broski like this post

    Mir
    Mir


    Posts : 3140
    Points : 3142
    Join date : 2021-06-10

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  Mir Fri Dec 10, 2021 10:29 am

    The two 945A's can serve for a long time to come. They first need to get the Laika's (Husky's) in the water before they should think of some super titanium sub.
    avatar
    ALAMO


    Posts : 6707
    Points : 6797
    Join date : 2014-11-25

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  ALAMO Fri Dec 10, 2021 10:52 am

    They have all 4 on hand, but the main issue is the cost of any modernization/repair.
    It used to be questioned long time ago, and I would say that this questioning came from the less expected direction - a then director of Zwiezdoczka shipyard, Siergiej Mariczew.
    He claimed that those boats won't present any serious improvement over the much less expensive to modernize 971 project.
    But as Russians seem to increase the pressure on the deep diving pieces, having 4 such hulls to be transferred for some kind of special operation units can be a really tasty option ...

    Mir likes this post

    Big_Gazza
    Big_Gazza


    Posts : 4641
    Points : 4633
    Join date : 2014-08-25
    Location : Melbourne, Australia

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  Big_Gazza Fri Dec 10, 2021 11:49 am

    One advantage of titanium that people usually forget is that it is immune to seawater corrosion. Titanium hulled boats simply don't corrode. Steel boats.... not so much Laughing

    GarryB and Mir like this post

    Mir
    Mir


    Posts : 3140
    Points : 3142
    Join date : 2021-06-10

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  Mir Fri Dec 10, 2021 12:14 pm

    ALAMO wrote:They have all 4 on hand, but the main issue is the cost of any modernization/repair.
    It used to be questioned long time ago, and I would say that this questioning came from the less expected direction - a then director of Zwiezdoczka shipyard, Siergiej Mariczew.
    He claimed that those boats won't present any serious improvement over the much less expensive to modernize 971 project.
    But as Russians seem to increase the pressure on the deep diving pieces, having 4 such hulls to be transferred for some kind of special operation units can be a really tasty option ...

    It will be great if they can upgrade the two older Baracudas but when I last looked there was very little progress made?
    It is perhaps true that in overall combat capability they wouldn't offer anything better than the 971's but no other attack subs can come anywhere near their deep diving capability - which is an enormous advantage out in the deep. They can use the oceans layers to their full advantage without ever being detected.

    Arrow likes this post

    avatar
    ALAMO


    Posts : 6707
    Points : 6797
    Join date : 2014-11-25

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  ALAMO Fri Dec 10, 2021 12:38 pm

    The formal contract for repair and modernization was signed in 2012 but put on hold shortly after. Mariczew claim is from a few years ago either, and back then he confirmed all works to be suspended. So if there anything happened, it would be the post-2018 period only.
    And that is why it is unbelievable waste, those things are hunters. Even the 40+ pieces of weaponry on board were unmatched until Seawolf appeared to the scene.
    avatar
    owais.usmani


    Posts : 1786
    Points : 1782
    Join date : 2019-03-27
    Age : 37

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  owais.usmani Fri Dec 10, 2021 2:55 pm

    Big_Gazza wrote:One advantage of titanium that people usually forget is that it is immune to seawater corrosion.  Titanium hulled boats simply don't corrode.  Steel boats.... not so much Laughing  

    I am pretty sure Russia would have figured out a steel grade by now which does not corrode in sea water.
    avatar
    Arrow


    Posts : 2720
    Points : 2712
    Join date : 2012-02-12

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  Arrow Fri Dec 10, 2021 3:30 pm


    They can use the oceans layers to their full advantage without ever being detected. wrote:


    True, the deeper, the less cavitation but a lot of progress has certainly been made in the last 40 years in silencing nuclear powered submarines.  The precision of material processing has increased, as well as new materials, and computer-controlled vibration and noise reduction techniques.  Better screws and coatings.  Russia has certainly made good progress in silencing its submarine.
    Besides, not only Russia.  France used an electric drive on Le Triomphant.  In the sense that the turbine drives a powerful electric motor that drives the shaft and the propeller.  Thanks to this, it eliminates many gears.  The US also wants to apply this to the Columbia SSBN submarine.

    Of course I think Sierra clas should be modernized.  Compared to the 971, the ship is also better automated.
    Big_Gazza
    Big_Gazza


    Posts : 4641
    Points : 4633
    Join date : 2014-08-25
    Location : Melbourne, Australia

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  Big_Gazza Sat Dec 11, 2021 12:35 am

    owais.usmani wrote:
    Big_Gazza wrote:One advantage of titanium that people usually forget is that it is immune to seawater corrosion.  Titanium hulled boats simply don't corrode.  Steel boats.... not so much Laughing  

    I am pretty sure Russia would have figured out a steel grade by now which does not corrode in sea water.

    All grades of steel will corrode to some degree when deployed in salt water, even exotic alloys like duplex steels. You can use coatings to protect steel, or claddings such as inconel, but its wildly expensive and totally impractical for something like a submarine (we use it in subsea process to protect against crevice corrosion on pipe flange faces and the like) In essence, you can't defeat basic chemistry. Titanium is immune to pitting and crevice corrosion, something that no grade of steel can achieve.

    GarryB, ALAMO, triphosgene and Mir like this post

    avatar
    ALAMO


    Posts : 6707
    Points : 6797
    Join date : 2014-11-25

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  ALAMO Sat Dec 11, 2021 9:46 am

    Indeed.
    Not sure if you have seen the interior of the titanium submarine, but the point is, it is not painted. You have flat sheets of titanium everywhere.
    This is because it does not need to be painted to withstand the conditions.
    One does not construct the hulk using those bizarre types of steel, because it is not needed - you can paint it, and this is a huge accompanying business.
    While duplex offers better corrosive resistance for most of the substances, it is not obviously better than let's say 316L grade steel for water corrosion, while being about double in price.
    It is always a kind of trade-off - are you determined enough to pay the price for something.
    That is why it is used for making chemical tankers tanks and piping and is vastly used in the offshore business, where you handle other corrosive materials, like sulfur, acids etc.
    But again, it requires a very strict technological regime for welding procedures, skilled personnel, and weather conditions.
    avatar
    Arrow


    Posts : 2720
    Points : 2712
    Join date : 2012-02-12

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  Arrow Sat Dec 11, 2021 9:53 am

    Titanium passivates with titanium oxide and this is the best protection in itself, just like specialized coatings etc. Contrary to rust, it does not penetrate further into the material structure.
    Mir
    Mir


    Posts : 3140
    Points : 3142
    Join date : 2021-06-10

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  Mir Sat Dec 11, 2021 10:55 am

    An interesting story happened in 1992 when the USS Baton Rouge and the B-276 Kastroma (Sierra1) collided near the Russian naval base of Severomorsk. The Baton Rouge was on a covert mission within Russian territorial waters when the accident happened. Kastroma's sail was damaged, but the boat was was laid up on 28 March 1992 and had been fully repaired at Nerpa shipyards in Snezhnogorsk by 29 June 1992 and returned to service.

    The Baton Rouge was not so lucky and the sub was deactivated at Mare Island shipyard on 1 November 1993 and eventually scrapped. The Kastroma was duly decorated with a kill mark on the sail! Laughing

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Kastro10
    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Kastro11

    GarryB, franco, George1, Big_Gazza, kvs, ALAMO, zardof and Broski like this post

    Arkanghelsk
    Arkanghelsk


    Posts : 3592
    Points : 3598
    Join date : 2021-12-08

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  Arkanghelsk Sat Dec 11, 2021 2:57 pm

    ALAMO wrote:Indeed.
    Not sure if you have seen the interior of the titanium submarine, but the point is, it is not painted. You have flat sheets of titanium everywhere.
    This is because it does not need to be painted to withstand the conditions.
    One does not construct the hulk using those bizarre types of steel, because it is not needed - you can paint it, and this is a huge accompanying business.
    While duplex offers better corrosive resistance for most of the substances, it is not obviously better than let's say 316L grade steel for water corrosion, while being about double in price.
    It is always a kind of trade-off - are you determined enough to pay the price for something.
    That is why it is used for making chemical tankers tanks and piping and is vastly used in the offshore business, where you handle other corrosive materials, like sulfur, acids etc.
    But again, it requires a very strict technological regime for welding procedures, skilled personnel, and weather conditions.


    Hey Alamo, this 316L is great metal I used to work with this. It is great for anti corrosion due to the high presence of chromium and the removal of carbon from the steel itself, which causes oxidation reaction much faster.

    At the same time, 316L is also a very soft grade of Marine stainless steel which I don't think would be used in essential components of the hull due to its softness and potential for deformity from blunt impact with basically any object.

    there are anodized versions of the steel which are harder (more carbon present) in the grades of steel currently used on board submarines, but as you said they are still subject to the laws of oxidation.

    Even though adding oxide layer (anodized) helps stave off oxidation , it only slows down the corrosive process and does not fully prevent it.

    In the end , they will always need preventative maintenance and with time eventual replacement of corroded metal with good welding.

    Big_Gazza and ALAMO like this post

    avatar
    ALAMO


    Posts : 6707
    Points : 6797
    Join date : 2014-11-25

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  ALAMO Thu Dec 16, 2021 4:24 pm

    Folks,
    There will be something nice&new for the matter, on weekend.

    Just for a tase Twisted Evil

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Zrzut_16

    So the first thing we can see, are 3 pieces anchored by the pier, while one of the earlier 945 series is missing. But I guess that is the one put in a dock for modernization few years ago, and left there.

    dino00 likes this post

    franco
    franco


    Posts : 6707
    Points : 6733
    Join date : 2010-08-18

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  franco Thu Dec 16, 2021 8:30 pm

    I count 4 "fins".

    GarryB likes this post

    Big_Gazza
    Big_Gazza


    Posts : 4641
    Points : 4633
    Join date : 2014-08-25
    Location : Melbourne, Australia

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  Big_Gazza Thu Dec 16, 2021 11:38 pm

    franco wrote:I count 4 "fins".

    The 4th boat is a 671RTM/RTMK Victor III. Obninsk or Daniil Moskovskiy I expect.

    franco, George1 and Mir like this post

    avatar
    ALAMO


    Posts : 6707
    Points : 6797
    Join date : 2014-11-25

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  ALAMO Fri Dec 17, 2021 7:52 am

    Exactly. The last one to the camera.
    We see 945 in the front, followed by 2x945A, and some 671 in the background, Moskowski as I have seen the previous material already.

    BTW, it is B-239 Karp that is missing, sitting at Zwiezdoczka and waiting ...
    avatar
    ALAMO


    Posts : 6707
    Points : 6797
    Join date : 2014-11-25

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  ALAMO Sun Dec 19, 2021 10:14 am

    And here you go with the full episode :

    George1 likes this post

    Mir
    Mir


    Posts : 3140
    Points : 3142
    Join date : 2021-06-10

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  Mir Wed Dec 22, 2021 2:22 pm

    Really nice video but I hope that there will be an English version soon (rural area no good for streaming large videos). Amazing full scale training facility of what looks like the Lira submarine? The Lira was quite amazing and for many years regarded in the West as the fastest sub. It's reactor had to be "on" all the time which made it a very good "interceptor". Another Titanium sub, the much larger K-222 turned out to be the fastest to everybody's surprise!

    From what I can gather most of the Titanium technologies are still in place for a future submarine. They also feature the Piranha special ops sub and the new Serval. Hopefully they will produce a good couple of Servals for the Russian Navy. Not sure if the Servals will be Titanium though but it seems like the robotic sub is?
    avatar
    ALAMO


    Posts : 6707
    Points : 6797
    Join date : 2014-11-25

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  ALAMO Wed Dec 22, 2021 3:17 pm

    Mir wrote:Really nice video but I hope that there will be an English version soon (rural area no good for streaming large videos). Amazing full scale training facility of what looks like the Lira submarine? The Lira was quite amazing and for many years regarded in the West as the fastest sub. It's reactor had to be "on" all the time which made it a very good "interceptor". Another Titanium sub, the much larger K-222 turned out to be the fastest to everybody's surprise!
    From what I can gather most of the Titanium technologies are still in place for a future submarine. They also feature the Piranha special ops sub and the new Serval. Hopefully they will produce a good couple of Servals for the Russian Navy. Not sure if the Servals will be Titanium though but it seems like the robotic sub is?

    Project 705 sums up perfectly well the things we have discussed in some other thread, about the general quality and concept behind the US vs. SU submarine fleets.
    It shows perfectly well something more: how stupid is the concept of the Soviets falling behind the US in a sub race.
    It used to be perfectly opposite, and the Soviet subs are considered to be racing cars compared to some sub-urban piece of crap made of wooden doors Laughing
    Imagine the technical level of a submarine, that was manned by a 15 people shift only, with a crew of 31 in total. All officers and it is enough to watch some old records to be really amazed by the level of the gallantry of the crew.
    Enough to see the cockpit of it, to understand that we are talking about something mindblowing, especially in the 70s.
    Even those chairs look amazing, I would take one for my saloon any moment. A great piece of industrial design.
    That was a killer, combined with WA-111 created an enormously potent weapon system, that could neither be chased while speeding 40+kt, nor found when diving to 700m.
    The level of propaganda bullshit produced to cover that is really impressive.

    GarryB, Hole and Mir like this post

    Mir
    Mir


    Posts : 3140
    Points : 3142
    Join date : 2021-06-10

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  Mir Wed Dec 22, 2021 3:51 pm

    Yes those chairs are amazing!

    Gorby and Yeltsi caused some terrific damage - esp to the navy! angry

    Thankfully those 945's did manage to survive - they are still real game changers.
    Hole
    Hole


    Posts : 10729
    Points : 10707
    Join date : 2018-03-24
    Age : 47
    Location : Scholzistan

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  Hole Wed Dec 22, 2021 7:29 pm

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 002516
    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 002613
    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 002714
    Only thing missing is Captain Kirk. Laughing

    George1, Big_Gazza, ALAMO and LMFS like this post

    avatar
    Arrow


    Posts : 2720
    Points : 2712
    Join date : 2012-02-12

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  Arrow Wed Dec 22, 2021 10:56 pm

    Mir wrote:
    Thankfully those 945's did manage to survive - they are still real game changers.

    Now the real game changer is 885M.  Especially since they have powerful weapons.  Cirkons, Onyx, Kalibr and soon with Kalibr with a range of 4500 km.In addition, modern missile torpedoes Very Happy So in the case of nuclear submarines, they are always ahead.Yasen M is overkill compare to another competitors SSN.

    ALAMO likes this post

    Isos
    Isos


    Posts : 11301
    Points : 11271
    Join date : 2015-11-06

    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  Isos Wed Dec 22, 2021 11:20 pm

    Yasen is clearly the best sub possible with the weapons it has. It has a perfectly balanced size, weapons carried, strike stand off range, stealth and crew.


    Sponsored content


    Project 945: Sierra class - Page 4 Empty Re: Project 945: Sierra class

    Post  Sponsored content


      Current date/time is Sat Apr 27, 2024 8:25 pm