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RIA Novosti
11.02.2023;
08:00
"They can solve everything in a couple of minutes." Which country has the most nuclear missiles?
Demonstration of tests of the Sarmat strategic missile system. Archive photo
MOSCOW, February 11 - RIA Novosti. At the end of January, the doomsday clock was moved forward by ten seconds. Now they show 90 seconds to "nuclear midnight". All because of increased talk about the use of atomic weapons. Which countries are "keeping gunpowder dry" against the backdrop of a growing escalation - in the material of RIA Novosti.
League of Extraordinary GentlemenNow the nuclear club includes nine states, which are usually divided into old and new. The first include the five permanent members of the UN Security Council and the victors in World War II - the United States, Russia, Great Britain, France and China.
These countries managed to acquire retaliatory weapons before the adoption of a key document - the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, which entered into force in 1970. Over time, 190 independent states joined it and still observe it.


Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
Launch of the intercontinental ballistic missile RS-24 "Yars"
Only five countries refused to do so: India, Israel, Pakistan, North Korea (North Korea initially supported the treaty, but then withdrew from it) and South Sudan. All of them, with the exception of the young African state, also acquired a non-peaceful atom.
At the same time, Tel Aviv has never officially recognized its existence.
Parity leadersRussia and the United States are the only ones who officially possess a full-fledged nuclear triad: intercontinental ballistic missiles, strategic aircraft capable of delivering weapons of mass destruction strikes, and submarines with submarine-launched ballistic missiles.
Moscow and Washington, according to experts from the Stockholm Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), accounted for 90 percent of all stockpiles of nuclear weapons in the world by January 2022:
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deployed warheads: USA - 1744, Russia - 1588;
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warheads in storage: Russia - 2889, USA - 1964;
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the total number of warheads in service: Russia - 4477, USA - 3708;
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the total number of warheads, taking into account those awaiting disposal: Russia - 5977, USA - 5428.


Photo: Tinker Air Force Base History Office
American B-52 strategic bomber with AGM-28 Hound Dog cruise missiles on board
Lagging behind and catching upThird place is questionable. Previously, it was occupied by France - the exact number of charges in service with the Fifth Republic is unknown. According to President Emmanuel Macron, there are "less than 300". Paris has sea and air carriers, previously there was also a land component of the nuclear triad, but in 1996 it was decided to deactivate medium-range ballistic missiles. The process took two years.
There is also no exact data on Chinese nuclear weapons. SIPRI believes that Beijing managed to bypass Paris and make 350 warheads. At the same time, the Pentagon announced back in November 2021 that China managed to create a full-fledged nuclear triad.


AP Photo / Mark Schiefelbein
Chinese solid-propellant intercontinental ballistic missile "Dongfeng-41" at the parade in Beijing
They do not want to stop there - by 2035, the Celestial Empire can produce about one and a half thousand warheads, which will allow it to achieve parity with the United States and Russia.
The UK has more modest reserves:
* 120 deployed warheads;
* another 60 are in storage;
* in total, including those awaiting disposal - 225.
Pakistan has close capabilities with India - 165 and 160 warheads, respectively. According to SIPRI, Israel is armed with 90 warheads, while experts estimate the stocks of North Korea at 20 warheads.
Reasons for concernThe report of the American "Bulletin of Atomic Scientists" notes that the threat of a collision between nuclear powers is now more acute than ever - this is evidenced by both the hostilities near the Chernobyl and Zaporozhye nuclear power plants and "the degradation of the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START III)" - the last nuclear détente agreement in force. It is it that ensures parity between Moscow and Washington and still remains in force. But there are difficulties.


Press Service of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
Strategic missile system with a mobile-based intercontinental ballistic missile PGRK "Yars"
In early February, Russian Ambassador to the United States Anatoly Antonov said that Moscow considered it inappropriate to invite American inspectors to verify compliance with the two countries' latest active nuclear defusing agreement. According to the diplomat, such a decision is the result of a hybrid war unleashed by the West against Russia.
The presence of US WMD in Europe, which is contrary to the NPT, does not help the de-escalation either. For example, 150 American B61 tactical thermonuclear aerial bombs are stored at bases in Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Italy and Turkey. Moreover, now they are being changed to the updated B62-12.
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