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Russian Gun Artillery: Discussion Thread
Hole- Posts : 4266
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Hole- Posts : 4266
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Phlox
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2S31 in Aserbaidschan
magnumcromagnon- Posts : 7326
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Thegopnik originally asked me for a reputable source for the 2.5 kiloton thermonuclear yield for the 3bv3 152mm shell. It took a while but I found it:
3BV3 weighed 53 kilograms, had a length of 774 millimeters and a diameter of 152.4 millimeters. The power of the nuclear charge was 2.5 kilotons in TNT equivalent, and the range of the aimed shot was about 17.4 kilometers. It is not difficult to imagine what destruction an artillery division armed with such projectiles could inflict with a single salvo. However, in the early 1990s, both the Soviet Union and the United States eliminated artillery nuclear weapons.
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"High-precision complexes" completed the delivery of artillery control systems for GOZ-2020
Alexander Denisov, General Director of High-Precision Complexes, told TASS that the use of artillery fire control systems 1В181 and 1В198 dramatically increases the effectiveness of artillery units on the battlefield
MOSCOW, December 11. / TASS /. VNII "Signal" (part of the holding "High-precision complexes" of the State Corporation "Rostec") within the framework of the state defense order in 2020 (GOZ-2020) has completed the shipment of automated fire control systems for artillery units 1В181 and 1В198. The press service of High-Precision Complexes informed the journalists about it.
"The shipment was made in full and on time. The contract is long-term, we plan to continue working according to the delivery schedule," the press service quoted the words of the Director General of VNII "Signal", chairman of the Vladimir regional branch of the Russian Engineering Union Vladimir Pimenov.
Alexander Denisov, General Director of High-Precision Complexes, told TASS that the use of artillery fire control systems 1В181 and 1В198 dramatically increases the effectiveness of artillery units on the battlefield. "In fact, these systems make it possible to turn conventional cannon artillery into high-precision weapons capable of effectively destroying any types of targets," Denisov said.
According to military experts, the complexes meet the requirements for automation of artillery control and are used for the Msta-S and Msta-B artillery systems, as well as the Tornado-G and Grad multiple launch rocket systems. "Modern means of preparation of fire and new algorithms for solving problems make it possible to increase the accuracy of fire by 25-30%, and guided projectiles of a new generation destroy enemy targets and objects with a probability of 0.98 - 0.99," the High-Precision Complexes noted.
https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/10229983
Alexander Denisov, General Director of High-Precision Complexes, told TASS that the use of artillery fire control systems 1В181 and 1В198 dramatically increases the effectiveness of artillery units on the battlefield
MOSCOW, December 11. / TASS /. VNII "Signal" (part of the holding "High-precision complexes" of the State Corporation "Rostec") within the framework of the state defense order in 2020 (GOZ-2020) has completed the shipment of automated fire control systems for artillery units 1В181 and 1В198. The press service of High-Precision Complexes informed the journalists about it.
"The shipment was made in full and on time. The contract is long-term, we plan to continue working according to the delivery schedule," the press service quoted the words of the Director General of VNII "Signal", chairman of the Vladimir regional branch of the Russian Engineering Union Vladimir Pimenov.
Alexander Denisov, General Director of High-Precision Complexes, told TASS that the use of artillery fire control systems 1В181 and 1В198 dramatically increases the effectiveness of artillery units on the battlefield. "In fact, these systems make it possible to turn conventional cannon artillery into high-precision weapons capable of effectively destroying any types of targets," Denisov said.
According to military experts, the complexes meet the requirements for automation of artillery control and are used for the Msta-S and Msta-B artillery systems, as well as the Tornado-G and Grad multiple launch rocket systems. "Modern means of preparation of fire and new algorithms for solving problems make it possible to increase the accuracy of fire by 25-30%, and guided projectiles of a new generation destroy enemy targets and objects with a probability of 0.98 - 0.99," the High-Precision Complexes noted.
https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/10229983
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Artillery shells are already dirt cheap and needing to fire less of them makes them even cheaper....Hell even the 152mm GLONASS shells were something like $2,000USD a piece 9 years ago when the Ruble had way more value.LMFS wrote:"High-precision complexes" completed the delivery of artillery control systems for GOZ-2020
Alexander Denisov, General Director of High-Precision Complexes, told TASS that the use of artillery fire control systems 1В181 and 1В198 dramatically increases the effectiveness of artillery units on the battlefield
MOSCOW, December 11. / TASS /. VNII "Signal" (part of the holding "High-precision complexes" of the State Corporation "Rostec") within the framework of the state defense order in 2020 (GOZ-2020) has completed the shipment of automated fire control systems for artillery units 1В181 and 1В198. The press service of High-Precision Complexes informed the journalists about it.
"The shipment was made in full and on time. The contract is long-term, we plan to continue working according to the delivery schedule," the press service quoted the words of the Director General of VNII "Signal", chairman of the Vladimir regional branch of the Russian Engineering Union Vladimir Pimenov.
Alexander Denisov, General Director of High-Precision Complexes, told TASS that the use of artillery fire control systems 1В181 and 1В198 dramatically increases the effectiveness of artillery units on the battlefield. "In fact, these systems make it possible to turn conventional cannon artillery into high-precision weapons capable of effectively destroying any types of targets," Denisov said.
According to military experts, the complexes meet the requirements for automation of artillery control and are used for the Msta-S and Msta-B artillery systems, as well as the Tornado-G and Grad multiple launch rocket systems. "Modern means of preparation of fire and new algorithms for solving problems make it possible to increase the accuracy of fire by 25-30%, and guided projectiles of a new generation destroy enemy targets and objects with a probability of 0.98 - 0.99," the High-Precision Complexes noted.
https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/10229983
AJ-47- Posts : 199
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Yea This unit called Phlox-2S40 and it's to the Russian Army as a replacement of the towed units with the same caliber. for more info go to:
https://www.military-today.com/artillery/floks.htm
https://www.military-today.com/artillery/floks.htm
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This may be a repost. But I find it rather surprising that the M109 Paladin firing procedure involves so many warm bodies
and has country club pacing. By contrast, the 2s1 Gvozdika is much more automated and faster. I am sure that
the 2s35 Koalitsya SV self-propelled howitzer is no less efficient than the Gvozdika.
The smoke backwash in the Paladin is absurd. I know that atmospheric conditions can play a role so it is not so easy
to compare, but this looks excessive. The whole point of having a bore evacuator is to control this problem.
This video shows how all that money in the west is not resulting in reasonable designs. Maybe things have gotten
better, but that is not at all likely since the same problems that resulted in such nonsense are likely to be around.
They are not problems of the engineers but of the management.
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GarryB wrote in post no’-307
“Excalibur would be far too expensive for such area targets because you will know the location and the extent of the trenches but you won’t know where the people are, so you just need an even coverage on target to arrive together so there is no time to take cover. Once they take cover you will need thousands of rounds and days to get them all.
It seems to me that the best way to go is to replace the mortar with the BM-21 that has 3 times the range and 10 times the rate of fire. With smart units we can program the 40 rockets to hit about 10 different targets and have 35-40 km range.
So what’s the benefit of the 120mm mortars?
It’s OK to use in the infantry the 82mm mortar as they can be transfer by foot soldiers, but for mobile units we should use the BM-21.
USA doing experience with 81mm shell that get now to 7 km range, but they will take it in the future to 40km.
”
“Excalibur would be far too expensive for such area targets because you will know the location and the extent of the trenches but you won’t know where the people are, so you just need an even coverage on target to arrive together so there is no time to take cover. Once they take cover you will need thousands of rounds and days to get them all.
It seems to me that the best way to go is to replace the mortar with the BM-21 that has 3 times the range and 10 times the rate of fire. With smart units we can program the 40 rockets to hit about 10 different targets and have 35-40 km range.
So what’s the benefit of the 120mm mortars?
It’s OK to use in the infantry the 82mm mortar as they can be transfer by foot soldiers, but for mobile units we should use the BM-21.
USA doing experience with 81mm shell that get now to 7 km range, but they will take it in the future to 40km.
”
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kvs wrote:
This may be a repost. But I find it rather surprising that the M109 Paladin firing procedure involves so many warm bodies
and has country club pacing. By contrast, the 2s1 Gvozdika is much more automated and faster. I am sure that
the 2s35 Koalitsya SV self-propelled howitzer is no less efficient than the Gvozdika.
The smoke backwash in the Paladin is absurd. I know that atmospheric conditions can play a role so it is not so easy
to compare, but this looks excessive. The whole point of having a bore evacuator is to control this problem.
This video shows how all that money in the west is not resulting in reasonable designs. Maybe things have gotten
better, but that is not at all likely since the same problems that resulted in such nonsense are likely to be around.
They are not problems of the engineers but of the management.
Americans are not whole west, but yes it shows that even most bloated military has clear deficiencies. They never had proper artillery mobile artillery systems. I would say that PZH 2000 beats anything us has by a mile, I wouldn't be surprised if US steals or borrows that autoloader in the future like how they did with german guns for their tanks.
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lyle6- Posts : 660
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What are you talking about? They already had:
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Nice pic.
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By contrast, the 2s1 Gvozdika is much more automated and faster. I am sure that
the 2s35 Koalitsya SV self-propelled howitzer is no less efficient than the Gvozdika.
2S1 has a lighter 122mm calibre shell but it has an autorammer and the rounds can be easily handled by a human.
The 2S35 is of course more automated... there are no crew in the turret at all... it is fully automated...
The loading vehicle pulls up behind it and feeds rounds and propellent sticks into the back of the 2S35 to load its autoloader...
Smoke in the 2S35s turret is a good thing... reduces chance of a fire...
It seems to me that the best way to go is to replace the mortar with the BM-21 that has 3 times the range and 10 times the rate of fire. With smart units we can program the 40 rockets to hit about 10 different targets and have 35-40 km range.
So what’s the benefit of the 120mm mortars?
The benefit of 120mm mortars is that the bombs come down vertically. With lines of trenches the chance of landing inside a trench is rather small but landing within 5 metres of a trench with a delay fuse a mortar bomb will cause a shockwave through the soil that collapses trenches and bunkers and would be VERY effective against troops in trenches.... you could also get up quite a good rate of fire with a modern mortar and you could fire from out of line of sight.
A few airburst bombs would also do a rather good job of getting the enemy into the bottom of those trenches with near miss ground penetrating bombs (they don't go through 10 metres of earth but a metre and a half is enough) filling those trenches in over those troops...
It’s OK to use in the infantry the 82mm mortar as they can be transfer by foot soldiers, but for mobile units we should use the BM-21.
It really depends on the target and the situation... rocket artillery is a great way to fill an enormous area with HE and fragments... troops out in the open for instance, but dug in troops it is not so effective and of course the launch signature of a rocket battery means it can't sit and fire for days like a mortar team could...
Also for strong targets Russia has the odd 160mm mortar in mountain units but also 240mm mortars which would be totally devastating against bunkers and trench lines.
An 82mm mortar has a 3-5kg bomb, the 120mm bomb is about 16kgs which is quite significant and effective (after being on the receiving end the Germans immediately adopted frontline use of 120mm mortars after facing Soviet mortars of the same calibre in WWII.) It is mobile enough to be always available and on call unlike larger calibre artillery or air power. The 160mm mortar is more rare these days in the Soviet military but its 40kg bomb is very very potent, while their biggest current mortar round is the 240mm round... double the calibre of the 120mm but with a HE bomb that weighs 130kgs.... basically equivalent to a light aircraft delivered bomb.
USA doing experience with 81mm shell that get now to 7 km range, but they will take it in the future to 40km.
US units don't have BMP-3s operating with them using 100mm rifled guns firing to 7km... the new Russian units will likely have 57mm grenade launchers...
Take something simple and portable and make it expensive... if there is a point target 10km away they have to hit then Kornet-EM would do the job.
I wouldn't be surprised if US steals or borrows that autoloader in the future like how they did with german guns for their tanks.
German guns, British Armour, Belgian coaxial MGs....
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152mm "Krasnopol" laser-guided artillery weapon system by Iranian IRGC artillerists in Syria
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GarryB wrote:
The benefit of 120mm mortars is that the bombs come down vertically. With lines of trenches the chance of landing inside a trench is rather small but landing within 5 meters of a trench with a delay fuse a mortar bomb will cause a shockwave through the soil that collapses trenches and bunkers and would be VERY effective against troops in trenches.... you could also get up quite a good rate of fire with a modern mortar and you you could fire from out of line of sight.
The vertical diving is a great advantage of the 120mm shells but you can get it also from rockets, there are several big advantages to the BM-21 “Grad”: 1) 20kg warhead, 2) 20km range, 3) rate of fire of 40 rockets in 20 second, 4) laser guidance, 5) airburst and thermobaric warheads will be for a big advantage of the Grad rockets.
A few airburst bombs would also do a rather good job of getting the enemy into the bottom of those trenches with near miss ground penetrating bombs (they don't go through 10 meters of earth but a meter and a half is enough) filling those trenches in over those troops.
No doubt, But the rockets will have better penetration and bigger warhead.
It really depends on the target and the situation... rocket artillery is a great way to fill an enormous area with HE and fragments... troops out in the open for instance, but dug in troops it is not so effective and of course the launch signature of a rocket battery means it can't sit and fire for days like a mortar team could.
That’s true, but the launcher has the ability to give hell to the enemy, get out and disappear.
Also for strong targets Russia has the odd 160mm mortar in mountain units but also 240mm mortars which would be totally devastating against bunkers and trench lines.
I love the 2S4 Tylpan SP
And at the end I can’t see anything that the 120 mm mortar can do that the BM-21 can’t do better.
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No doubt, But the rockets will have better penetration and bigger warhead.
Rockets don't generally have better penetration, they don't have the rapid acceleration of a shell so they tend to have thinner lighter skins and more HE, which is of course better against troops in the open but not so good for enemy in trenches.
To collapse a bunker you just need to land within about 5 metres of the trench or bunker and just needs to explode inside the soil... ie 1.5-2m into the ground... the explosive charge then effectively liquifies the ground which loses its structure and sags or spreads within a radius of about 5 metres or so. If there is a trenchline or bunker within that 5m radius circle then the walls will soften and collapse like syrup and fill the trench... anyone lying in the bottom trying to avoid the fragments of the air burst rounds will be rolled over like a wave of sea water... except this water is heavy and would crush you with its weight...
Very unpleasant... but sadly effective.
Rockets wont tend to do that.
That’s true, but the launcher has the ability to give hell to the enemy, get out and disappear.
Rockets are amazing, but for very specific jobs... their best feature is volume and rate of fire... you can launch as you say 40 rockets from a single truck in about 20-30 seconds... that is an enormous amount of HE and fragments and normally it will come from dozens of trucks at a time and cover a wide area... if you have enemy troops forming up for an attack a rocket barrage is the way to go.
Equally if you have a chem or bio agent then unguided rockets is an excellent way of rapidly building up lethal concentrations of the material so that it is most effective.
A 120mm rocket is big and heavy and not the most efficient way of delivering a HE payload however, so there is plenty of room for mortars and guns.
A 120mm rocket has the same problem as a gun... it has a fixed burn rate and trajectory so like a big gun which is optimised for long range has a large propellent charge and high muzzle velocity to get very good range... if the target appears close to you often you can't hit it... especially if it is not direct line of sight.
In theory you could elevate you 50-60km range gun to 86 degrees elevation and send the shell almost up into space and have it come down close but the distance up it would go and the enormous time it would take to go up and back... and also the fact that guns normally can't be fired above about 50 degrees at best anyway means that is a poor choice.
In comparison a mortar can engage targets that are close but out of line of sight... the other side of that hill or the other side of that city or town... your drone is showing you the target but your gun can't reach it.
Coalition is a mix of a gun (very long barrel... high velocity and long range) but also a howitzer (variable propellent charge and high gun elevation) so shorter range targets can be engaged efficiently too simply by greatly reducing the propellent charge and shell velocity and fire with a higher elevation so you lob the shell but with reduced charge it does not go high so it has a much shorter flight time to target meaning less effected by target movement or crosswinds.
With Mortars you can add extra propellant bags to extend range if you want too... and the steep trajectory means efficient fragmentation pattern for air bursts and the ability to penetrate into soft ground more easily too.
And at the end I can’t see anything that the 120 mm mortar can do that the BM-21 can’t do better.
Be towed around by a Tigr sized vehicle or light helicopter?
Each is an excellent system and each comes with a wide range of useful ammo... whether every unit that uses the weapon has access to that variety of ammo is a good question, but the ammo choices are there.
I think it is like saying an RPG-7 is not as good as a 30mm grenade launcher... I think they are both useful but have things each is better at than the other and they are different enough to want to have both.
Certainly the ammo support requirements of a rocket artillery force are much harder than for a mortar force, so on some missions you might never expect to meet enough enemy forces to justify having a regiment of Grads. On the other hand having a platoon of 120mm mortar vehicles like Vena or Hosta... able to fire a variety of shells and mortar rounds would be rather useful... especially if guided rounds were included.
In a heavily fortified enemy base with concrete structures, I would want a field of Tulips...
No idea where to put this source, probably here.
Sounds like the sort of thing that would be used to defend important things like HQs and Air Bases or Ports, and whose information might be used by Coalition batteries or Smerch rocket units for counter battery fire.
In a few years time this equipment might be small enough to be fitted to artillery vehicles so you could spread them out and they could detect enemy fire and then directly counter it themselves...
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The deadline for the end of state tests of the 120-mm self-propelled artillery gun "Magnolia"
Today, 09: 43
State tests of the newest Magnolia self-propelled artillery gun will end in 2022, and the gun is currently undergoing preliminary tests. Reported by TASS with reference to the press service of "Uralvagonzavod".
The self-propelled artillery gun (SAO) "Magnolia" based on the DT-30PM has been developed, its state tests are planned to be completed in 2022
- said the company, adding that prototypes of self-propelled guns are currently undergoing a cycle of preliminary tests.
The self-propelled artillery gun was developed by the Central Research Institute "Burevestnik" (Nizhny Novgorod, part of the "NPK" Uralvagonzavod "JSC). For the first time, the characteristics of the" Magnolia "CJSC were revealed at the international forum" Army-2019 ".
SAO is placed on the chassis of the crawler armored transporter DT-30ПМ of the Vityaz family. On the back case of the Magnolia there is a fighting compartment - with an 120-mm 2A80 gun, combining the fighting qualities of a gun, howitzer and mortar. The design of the tower provides horizontal horizontal guidance and the rise of the barrel from -5 ° to + 80 °. The gun fires high-explosive shells at a range of up to 8,5 km, guided shells - at 10 km, high-explosive shells - at 7 km. Gun rate - 10 rounds per minute, the ammunition consists of 80 shells.
The main purpose - fire destruction of armored vehicles, manpower and fortifications.
It is assumed that the self-propelled gun will go into service with artillery units deployed in hard-to-reach areas, wetlands, in the Far North.
https://en.topwar.ru/179932-nazvany-sroki-okonchanija-gosispytanij-120-mm-samohodnogo-artillerijskogo-orudija-magnolija.html
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Which suggests a fifth potential vehicle family... (heavy tracked) Armata, (medium tracked) Kurganets, (medium wheeled)Boomerang, (light wheeled) Typhoon, and DT-30 based double cab tracked for operations in very soft swampy terrain or in deep snow and ice in very arctic conditions including operating on sea ice.
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Kalashnikov is finishing the development of a new guided missile Krasnopol-M2 and a guided mine Gran, state tests will take place this year. The press service of the concern reports.
https://en.topwar.ru/180170-nazvany-sroki-okonchanija-gosispytanij-novogo-upravljaemogo-snarjada-krasnopol-m2.html
https://en.topwar.ru/180170-nazvany-sroki-okonchanija-gosispytanij-novogo-upravljaemogo-snarjada-krasnopol-m2.html
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The deadline for the end of state tests of the new guided missile "Krasnopol-M2"
Kalashnikov is finishing the development of a new guided missile Krasnopol-M2 and a guided mine Gran, state tests will take place this year. The press service of the concern reports.
Work on the projectile and mine is being carried out jointly with the Instrument-Making Design Bureau (KBP), the state tests of ammunition will be completed during 2021.
(...) is completing two experimental design works on guided artillery shells Krasnopol-M2 and Gran '. State tests of products are planned to be completed this year
- leads RIA News message press service.
It is reported that the Krasnopol-M2 guided weapon system for barrel artillery was originally developed in 155 mm caliber for export and supplied to the armies of India and China. Compared to the basic version of the Krasnopol projectile, the new ammunition has a longer firing range (26 km versus 20 km), and the accuracy of hitting small targets is increased (0,9 versus 0,7).
In addition, the Krasnopol-M2 has increased combat power, as well as the ability to use it at any time of the day, in strong winds and clouds.
The KM-8 "Gran" guided weapon system for smooth-bore and rifled mortars of 120 mm caliber is designed to destroy / defeat single and group targets or fortifications. Provides firing at any time of the day with the destruction of specified targets with the first shot without sighting shots at stationary and moving targets.
https://en.topwar.ru/180170-nazvany-sroki-okonchanija-gosispytanij-novogo-upravljaemogo-snarjada-krasnopol-m2.html
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Russian artillery has become the most accurate in the world
The combination of guided projectiles and new control systems has increased the accuracy of Russian howitzers to an unprecedented 96 percent. This indicator for barrel artillery was achieved for the first time in the world, Rostec Corporation noted.
Among foreign howitzers, the most accurate are the American ones, which use the 155-mm Excalibur guided projectile. Their accuracy in practice is 92 percent. Russian ammunition "Gran", "Kitolov-2", "Krasnopol" under the control of new automated fire control systems provide a 96% probability of hitting the target with barrel artillery.
"These accuracy indicators were confirmed during the shooting," the Corporation told RIA Novosti. They noted that the specified ammunition is capable of hitting moving targets.
Russian guided missiles were created by the high-Precision systems holding. An automated guidance and fire control system for MSTA-S self-propelled guns has also been developed there. It performs 90 percent of the work of the calculation, allowing you to conduct targeted fire in any weather and time of day.
https://z5h64q92x9.net/proxy_u/ru-en.en.665cb873-604797b1-142099d4-74722d776562/https/rg.ru/2021/03/09/rossijskaia-artilleriia-stala-samoj-tochnoj-v-mire.html
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Self-propelled gun "Malka" was used as a high-precision weapon for maximum range during the exercise in the Amur region
TSAMTO, March 18. At the trekhrechye training ground in the Amur region, a unit of the high-power self-propelled guns "Malka" of the Eastern military district during a tactical exercise performed firing at the maximum range according to coordinates obtained from an unmanned aerial vehicle.
According to the plan of the exercise, at a distance of about 50 km, the simulated enemy carried out preparations for an offensive on the positions of our troops. To thwart the offensive plan, the command decided to use long-range Malka guns in conjunction with the Orlan-10 unmanned aerial vehicle.
The UAV complex transmitted the exact coordinates of the detected objects in real time to the firing position. The crews made corrections and hit the command post and a cluster of vehicles with a volley of several guns. Then the guns switched to single fire, pinpointing the surviving explored targets.
The use of a complex of UAVS with a long-range Malka system has significantly expanded its potential. Now it is possible to use powerful projectiles at long distances with the effectiveness of high-precision weapons.
The firing was carried out as part of a field exit of missile troops and artillery of the combined-arms army of the Eastern military district. More than two thousand military personnel of the Association are involved in it, the press service of the district reports.
https://z5h64q92x9.net/proxy_u/ru-en.en.edaf8790-6054fcff-8285c02d-74722d776562/https/vpk.name/news/493185_sau_malka_primenili_kak_vysokotochnoe_oruzhie_na_maksimalnuyu_dalnost_v_hode_ucheniya_v_amurskoi_oblasti.html
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Modernisation kit for the 2A36 gun
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Hole wrote:
Modernisation kit for the 2A36 gun
Russia plans to "modernize" towed artillery means due to special equipment
Specialists of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute "Signal" report on plans to modernize domestic artillery complexes and systems. First of all, we are talking about the modernization of towed guns.
The plans of VNII "Signal" are shared by the press service of the institute, which is referred to RIA News... So, it is indicated that they are ready to create a special set of equipment that could provide automated data entry on towed guns. We are talking about the data for the implementation of shooting, as well as the guidance of artillery weapons at the target.
At the moment, information for firing for many guns in service with the RF Armed Forces is entered manually. Artillery guidance is carried out in a similar way.
The new equipment will make it possible to modernize the towed gun mounts, to use them in the format of a single RSS (reconnaissance and strike system).
The equipment planned for implementation will make it possible to automatically enter data on the coordinates of the target after their identification and transmission via special communication channels. This will definitely reduce the preparation time for striking.
The VNII press service notes that some scientific research has already been carried out on this issue, including those that make it possible to turn towed guns into modern artillery systems with automatic data processing and target guidance.
The development itself, designed mainly for non-self-propelled howitzers, is reported to be carried out "in the coming years."
https://en.topwar.ru/181462-v-rossii-planirujut-osovremenit-buksiruemye-sredstva-artillerii-za-schet-specoborudovanija.html
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