Russia Defence Forum

Would you like to react to this message? Create an account in a few clicks or log in to continue.

Military Forum for Russian and Global Defence Issues


+67
Podlodka77
Acr
Arkanghelsk
calripson
Krepost
Arrow
Tsavo Lion
wilhelm
ALAMO
The_Observer
lyle6
RTN
Sujoy
lancelot
Backman
slasher
walle83
Hole
dino00
AMCXXL
LMFS
owais.usmani
Rodion_Romanovic
x_54_u43
JohninMK
MiamiMachineShop
flamming_python
verkhoturye51
mnztr
Tingsay
OminousSpudd
miketheterrible
PapaDragon
Singular_Transform
bhramos
hoom
zg18
Ned86
Isos
Dima
SeigSoloyvov
Big_Gazza
TheArmenian
jhelb
kvs
chinggis
franco
artjomh
GunshipDemocracy
max steel
rambo54
2SPOOKY4U
navyfield
Mike E
Viktor
stud-one
coolieno99
Mindstorm
Stealthflanker
TR1
George1
Admin
GarryB
nightcrawler
Austin
Russian Patriot
Turk1
71 posters

    Project 971: Akula class

    jhelb
    jhelb


    Posts : 1085
    Points : 1186
    Join date : 2015-04-04
    Location : Previously: Belarus Currently: A Small Island No One Cares About

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  jhelb Sun Dec 27, 2015 12:58 pm

    artjomh wrote:I'm not hydrodynamicist, but I've been told that the vortices persist for several hours, which is how long range detection is possible.

    Since SOKS is a purely passive system, the sensor operator will be measuring the "strength" of the return, thus allowing more precise detection.

    It's like following bread crumbs...

    artjomh, what training is required for a submariner if he has to graduate from running an Akula to running a Yasen or Borei? Thanks.
    George1
    George1


    Posts : 18268
    Points : 18765
    Join date : 2011-12-22
    Location : Greece

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  George1 Sat Mar 12, 2016 9:59 pm

    Super Stealthy: New-Look Russian Nuclear Sub to Join Pacific Fleet

    The Kuzbass nuclear-powered submarine is completing a series of sea trials and will soon resume active duty at Russia’s Pacific Fleet, the Fleet’s press service said on Thursday.

    “The Kuzbass is undergoing sea trials and will soon return to her permanent station in Kamchatka. The submarine now carries a new systems of life support, radio and hydro-acoustic communications,” RIA Novosti was told at the Pacific Fleet’s headquarters in Vladivostok.

    To increase stealth, the sub carries a two-tier anti-vibration mechanism. All the units are placed on elastic foundations and each one is separated from the next by pneumatic shock absorbers. This helps lessen the impact of underwater blasts on the sub’s mechanisms and crew.

    The Kuzbass is a multirole Akula-class attack submarine. Unlike a Barracuda sub, which has a titanium hull, the Kuzbass features a steel hull.

    The Soviet Union once acquired a number of high-precision metal-cutting lathes from Toshiba to build more streamlined screws and make the subs less noisy. The news of the secret deal was eventually leaked to the media and Toshiba came under US sanctions.

    The modernized Project 971 submarines are armed with Kalibr-PL cruise missiles and jet-powered torpedoes, designed to destroy submarines and surface ships as well as land-based targets.

    A third-generation nuclear-powered submarine, the Kuzbass was laid down in Komsomolsk-on-Amur on July 28, 1992, and entered service in the Navy later that same year.

    In 1995, the Kuzbass was on a tour of duty along the US Pacific Coast.

    Read more: http://sputniknews.com/russia/20160311/1036145267/russia-sub-stealth.html#ixzz42kgwEG8e
    George1
    George1


    Posts : 18268
    Points : 18765
    Join date : 2011-12-22
    Location : Greece

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  George1 Sat Mar 12, 2016 10:01 pm

    George1 wrote:
    The modernized Project 971 submarines are armed with Kalibr-PL cruise missiles and jet-powered torpedoes, designed to destroy submarines and surface ships as well as land-based targets.

    can we confirm this? modernized Akulas are armed with Kalibr missiles?
    artjomh
    artjomh


    Posts : 150
    Points : 184
    Join date : 2015-07-16

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  artjomh Sun Mar 13, 2016 7:06 am

    George1 wrote:
    George1 wrote:
    The modernized Project 971 submarines are armed with Kalibr-PL cruise missiles and jet-powered torpedoes, designed to destroy submarines and surface ships as well as land-based targets.

    can we confirm this? modernized Akulas are armed with Kalibr missiles?

    Can confirm as false.
    kvs
    kvs


    Posts : 15048
    Points : 15185
    Join date : 2014-09-10
    Location : Turdope's Kanada

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  kvs Sun Mar 13, 2016 12:33 pm

    George1 wrote:

    The Soviet Union once acquired a number of high-precision metal-cutting lathes from Toshiba to build more streamlined screws and make the subs less noisy. The news of the secret deal was eventually leaked to the media and Toshiba came under US sanctions.

    Read more: http://sputniknews.com/russia/20160311/1036145267/russia-sub-stealth.html#ixzz42kgwEG8e

    Sputnik and RIAN before it were always putting out NATO style shit and language and this is yet another example. The Toshiba lathes
    obviously could not come up via some non-existent AI with the propeller design. It is the propeller shape that controls cavitation
    and not just the smoothness of its surface. The smoothness of the surface was not some impossible engineering task. You can manually
    grind and polish even massive metal objects to a blinding uniform shine. Also, if you look at some of the photos of the Project 636 propeller you can
    see that it is not polished down to jewelry standards and that is because some surface roughness generates turbulence which actually
    suppresses detachment of the surface boundary layer that produces cavitation. Of course turbulence generates a low level noise itself but
    much smaller than any acoustic shocks associated with cavity formation and collapse.

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 O9K9778

    TheArmenian
    TheArmenian


    Posts : 1880
    Points : 2025
    Join date : 2011-09-14

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  TheArmenian Sun Mar 13, 2016 1:13 pm

    artjomh wrote:
    George1 wrote:
    George1 wrote:
    The modernized Project 971 submarines are armed with Kalibr-PL cruise missiles and jet-powered torpedoes, designed to destroy submarines and surface ships as well as land-based targets.

    can we confirm this? modernized Akulas are armed with Kalibr missiles?

    Can confirm as false.

    Huh?....I don't know about jet powered torpedoes, but adding Kalibr to the subs arsenal seems like a logical thing. After all, didn't the Pr.971 boats carry the Granat?
    GunshipDemocracy
    GunshipDemocracy


    Posts : 5967
    Points : 5987
    Join date : 2015-05-17
    Location : fishin on Stalin´s Strait between Mexico and Canada

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  GunshipDemocracy Sun Mar 13, 2016 2:17 pm

    TheArmenian wrote:
    artjomh wrote:
    George1 wrote:
    George1 wrote:
    The modernized Project 971 submarines are armed with Kalibr-PL cruise missiles and jet-powered torpedoes, designed to destroy submarines and surface ships as well as land-based targets.

    can we confirm this? modernized Akulas are armed with Kalibr missiles?

    Can confirm as false.

    Huh?....I don't know about jet powered torpedoes, but adding Kalibr to the subs arsenal seems like a logical thing. After all, didn't the Pr.971 boats carry the Granat?

    dunno but this would also required integration with fire control system.

    Torpedo? Modernized Shkval 2 ? it is supposed to be longer range whatever kind or targetting (guidance/homing?). News wuld be if can be used as anti-sub torpedo IMHO.
    artjomh
    artjomh


    Posts : 150
    Points : 184
    Join date : 2015-07-16

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  artjomh Sun Mar 13, 2016 4:44 pm

    TheArmenian wrote:Huh?....I don't know about jet powered torpedoes, but adding Kalibr to the subs arsenal seems like a logical thing.

    Not on Kuzbass.
    GarryB
    GarryB


    Posts : 38765
    Points : 39261
    Join date : 2010-03-30
    Location : New Zealand

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  GarryB Sun Mar 13, 2016 7:09 pm

    Are you sure Artjomh?

    I mean do you know for sure or are you just assuming?

    I would expect the main goals of upgrades of all older equipment is for standardisation and modularisation... it makes no sense to upgrade a vessel but not adapt it to the future weapon set all other new vessels will be equipped with.

    I mean it makes little sense to keep unique weapons for specific classes when universal launchers and weapons have already been adopted successfully.

    The problem of having non standard vessels is that you either keep them in one fleet with all the ports there equipped with an extra set of support equipment for the older type of systems, or you standardise all new and upgraded vessels with current systems and upgrade all the ports to support those systems and to stock those weapons.

    There would be little difference between a Granat (SS-N-21) and a Kalibr except the latter would have conventional warheads and would be much more accurate with terminal guidance.

    In that respect it makes a lot of sense to retire the Granats that can pretty much only be used in an all out nuclear conflict with Kalibr which are being used as we speak... I still can't believe it myself that Russian bombers are actively fighting... and doing so effectively and efficiently.

    I mean an upgrade of systems and sensors and communications equipment would make the vessel a more valuable part of a unit, but why skimp on the weapons... it is not like they are trying to fit Bulavas to them, the Kalibr is now a standard sub and ship weapon for the Russian Navy... and from the looks of things a very effective one too.
    Big_Gazza
    Big_Gazza


    Posts : 4595
    Points : 4587
    Join date : 2014-08-25
    Location : Melbourne, Australia

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  Big_Gazza Sun Mar 13, 2016 11:01 pm

    I guess it depends on the nature of the work performed.  Was Kuzbass in for a deep modernization, or mainly for repair and minor upgrade to some systems?  The statement "The submarine now carries a new systems of life support, radio and hydro-acoustic communications" suggests the latter, though she was being worked on since 2010, so that suggests a greater workscope than stated.

    I'm simply glad that she's back in service and the navy has another active Akula hull.
    artjomh
    artjomh


    Posts : 150
    Points : 184
    Join date : 2015-07-16

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  artjomh Mon Mar 14, 2016 11:30 am

    GarryB wrote:Are you sure Artjomh?

    I mean do you know for sure or are you just assuming?

    Yes, I am sure. Kuzbass only went through VTG, which means just repairs and making it sail-worthy.

    The only upgrades you'll see will be on Project 971M, the first of which will be Leopard.

    971M will feature so far unidentified upgrades to sensors, weapons and new vibroacoustic standards. Which means likely compatibility with Kalibr.

    There is contract for six 971M submarines. Four of them have been identified: Leopard, Bratsk, Samara, Volk. Two remaining are not identified.

    Magadan, Vepr and Kuzbass only have contracts for repair, not upgrade.
    GarryB
    GarryB


    Posts : 38765
    Points : 39261
    Join date : 2010-03-30
    Location : New Zealand

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  GarryB Tue Mar 15, 2016 3:48 am

    Thanks for the clarification... Smile
    George1
    George1


    Posts : 18268
    Points : 18765
    Join date : 2011-12-22
    Location : Greece

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  George1 Sun Mar 20, 2016 10:52 am

    Silent Hunter: Russia’s Akula Subs Upgraded With Kalibr Cruise Missiles

    Russia plans to upgrade its Project 971 nuclear submarines with Kalibr cruise missiles, Rear Admiral Viktor Kochemazov said in a radio interview on Saturday.

    “The Kalibr cruise missile is a highly efficient weapon as was amply proved by the recent launches from the Rostov-on-Don submarine. Kalibr missiles will be installed on the modernized Project 971 submarines,” Admiral Kochemazov told Russkaya Sluzhba Novostei (Russian News Service) radio station in Moscow.

    Project 971 Shchuka-B or Bars, designated by NATO as the Akula, are the codenames for the multirole nuclear-powered attack submarines which are the backbone of Russia's maritime nuclear deterrence.

    First deployed in late 1980s, the Project 971 submarine can move at an impressive speed of up to 35 knots when submerged, has a maximum operational depth of 600 meters (nearly 2,000 feet) and boasts an endurance of 100 days.

    But the Akula's truly remarkable feature is its low level of noise generation the Soviet and later Russian engineers were able to achieve. An upgraded version, known as the Akula II, was the quietest submarine at the time when it was commissioned, exceeding the upgraded version of the US Los Angeles-class subs.

    The Akula remains one of the quietest Russian submarines to date.

    The Russian Navy operates over ten Akulas as part of its Northern and Pacific Fleets. One Project 971 submarine, currently known as INS Chakra is on a ten-year lease in India.

    Read more: http://sputniknews.com/russia/20160320/1036614250/russia-subs-missiles.html#ixzz43SW2pmFv
    George1
    George1


    Posts : 18268
    Points : 18765
    Join date : 2011-12-22
    Location : Greece

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  George1 Mon Mar 21, 2016 2:52 am

    The ceremony of the renovated Pacific Fleet nuclear submarine "Kuzbass"

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 0_d1e83_15a3ae34_orig

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 0_d1e84_4f4eee5a_orig

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 0_d1e85_74f548b0_orig

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 0_d1e87_52213362_orig

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 0_d1e88_573cdf3f_orig

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 0_d1e8a_b0653dee_orig

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 0_d1e8b_b0bf008f_orig

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 0_d1e8c_f63c26cc_orig

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 0_d1e8e_b7e5f01b_orig

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 0_d1e91_2469bc5e_orig

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 0_d1e92_cb61fb8_orig

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 0_d1e93_ed58f0e0_orig

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 0_d1e96_8b29ed5b_orig

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 0_cca68_9aa0d007_XL

    http://bmpd.livejournal.com/1800237.html
    GunshipDemocracy
    GunshipDemocracy


    Posts : 5967
    Points : 5987
    Join date : 2015-05-17
    Location : fishin on Stalin´s Strait between Mexico and Canada

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  GunshipDemocracy Mon Mar 21, 2016 7:25 am

    GarryB wrote:Not really important what it is made of... 5kgs of sand in a hard plastic shell will make noise if it is thrown across the room and bangs into a wall just like a 5kgs steel weight in a plastic shell.

    The main issue is securing the weights and bars when not in use.

    Or not use weights at all?



    TRX was originally developed so that Navy Seals could train in small cramped spaces – i.e. in a submarine – but the beauty of TRX is that it allows you to work out anywhere, as long as you can find something to attach the straps to.

    http://rolllikeboss.com/2013/10/trx-suspension-training-review.html

    this opinion I could see googling in many places. I just wonder if Russian have their own approach?
    max steel
    max steel


    Posts : 2930
    Points : 2955
    Join date : 2015-02-12
    Location : South Pole

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  max steel Mon Mar 21, 2016 8:17 am

    World’s Largest Akula-Class Nuclear Submarines to Be Recycled in Russia


    Two of the world’s largest nuclear-powered submarines will be recycled at a ship yard in northern Russia after reaching the end of their operational lives, a high-level defense industry representative told RIA Novosti on Friday.

    A total of six Project 941 (NATO reporting name Typhoon) submarines were built in the Soviet era. The remaining Severstal and Arkhangelsk submarines have been in reserve with the Russian Navy, while the Dmitry Donskoy Project 941UM was upgraded to carry Bulava ballistic missiles.

    "A decision has now been made to recycle the Severstal and the Arkhangelsk at the Zvezdochka plant in Severodvinsk [Arkhangelsk Region]," the source said


    The defense industry representative noted that the vessels could have been capable of carrying 300 new Kalibr cruise missiles if they had been upgraded.

    The soon-to-be-retired submarines were built in reaction to the US Navy’s Ohio class nuclear-powered submarines. They allowed the Soviet Union and the United States to reach parity in terms of marine strategic nuclear forces, confirmed at the second round of Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT II) in 1979.

    avatar
    Austin


    Posts : 7617
    Points : 8014
    Join date : 2010-05-08
    Location : India

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  Austin Thu Mar 24, 2016 9:46 pm

    Russian Project 971 submarines to be armed with Kalibr missiles
    Nikolai Novichkov, Moscow and Peter Felstead, London - IHS Jane's Defence Weekly

    http://www.janes.com/article/59030/russian-project-971-submarines-to-be-armed-with-kalibr-missiles

    The upgrade of Russia's Project 971 Bars ('Akula')-class nuclear-powered attack submarines will arm them with Kalibr 3M-54 (SS-N-27A 'Sizzler') anti-ship missiles, Viktor Kochemazov, chief of the Russian Navy Training Department, told the RSN radio channel on 21 March. "Now, the upgrade of the Project 971 submarines provides for equipping them with the Kalibr system," he said.

    The weapon "proved itself" during trials, according to Kochemazov. "Its use by the Rostov-on-Don diesel-electric submarine showed that the system is facing bright vistas in terms of further development," he said.

    He is likely to have been referring to the 8 December 2015 strikes on Syria conducted by the Project 636.3 Improved 'Kilo'-class diesel-electric submarine Rostov-on-Don . According to the Russian Ministry of Defence (MoD) at the time, this boat conducted Russia's first-ever submarine-launched cruise missile strikes on 8 December when it fired four 3M-14 land attack variants of the Kalibr missile from the Mediterranean into Syria.

    At present, the Russian Navy operates a fleet of 11 Project 971 submarines, although most of these are in various stages of repair and only three boats, in service with the Northern Fleet, are operational.

    Four 'Akulas' belonging to the Pacific Fleet (K-322 Kashalot , K-391 Bratsk , K-331 Magadan , K-295 Samara ) are at shipyards for repairs, with Kashalot expected to be leased to India. Bratsk and Samara have been at the Zvyozdochka Shipyard since summer 2014, Kashalot at the Amur Shipyard, and Magadan at the Zvezda Shipyard. K-419 Kuzbass has recently been released back to the Pacific Fleet, while the repair of Magadan is nearing completion.

    The Northern Fleet has six submarines of the class, of which three - K-154 Tigr , K-335 Gepard , and K-317 Pantera - are operational, while K-461 Volk , K-328 Leopard , and K-157 Vepr are in various stages of repair.
    SeigSoloyvov
    SeigSoloyvov


    Posts : 3692
    Points : 3672
    Join date : 2016-04-08

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  SeigSoloyvov Sat Apr 09, 2016 9:44 pm

    Russia has what 9 of these in service how many of these are currently at the M level I know they plan to upgrade six to this point. Was wondering if any current ones had been upgraded to this level. If not what are they to going to scrap the remaining three?
    max steel
    max steel


    Posts : 2930
    Points : 2955
    Join date : 2015-02-12
    Location : South Pole

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  max steel Thu Jun 02, 2016 1:34 pm

    Is it true that the US Navy had intended to replace its Los Angeles-class attack submarines with the powerful new Seawolf-class, which was designed specifically to hunt a new generation of advanced Soviet designs like the Project 941 Akula—which are better known by their NATO moniker as the Typhoon-class. ? Difference between Project 941 and 971 Akula class ?
    Dima
    Dima


    Posts : 1222
    Points : 1233
    Join date : 2012-03-21

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  Dima Thu Jun 02, 2016 2:35 pm

    max steel wrote:Is it true that the US Navy had intended to replace its Los Angeles-class attack submarines with the powerful new Seawolf-class, which was designed specifically to hunt a new generation of advanced Soviet designs like the Project 941 Akula—which are better known by their NATO moniker as the Typhoon-class. ?  Difference between Project 941 and 971 Akula class ?
    Project 941 which muricans call as Typhoon is the Russian Akula. Worlds largest submarine with 20 SLBMs and 120 days on station (or endurance?)

    Project 971 which muricans call as Akula is the Russian Shuka-B (or V, thats what I read/understand.... the roman numerical in the Shuka class I, II, III, IV, V). Its the Russian hunter killer class submarines which have roamed off the US coasts with their periscopes watching the moving cars. (If I find it, I will post that article which was published in a Russian magazine that ceased to exist many years ago)
    GunshipDemocracy
    GunshipDemocracy


    Posts : 5967
    Points : 5987
    Join date : 2015-05-17
    Location : fishin on Stalin´s Strait between Mexico and Canada

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  GunshipDemocracy Thu Jun 02, 2016 2:47 pm

    max steel wrote:Is it true that the US Navy had intended to replace its Los Angeles-class attack submarines with the powerful new Seawolf-class, which was designed specifically to hunt a new generation of advanced Soviet designs like the Project 941 Akula—which are better known by their NATO moniker as the Typhoon-class. ?  Difference between Project 941 and 971 Akula class ?

    yup after 3 ships  they gave up and gone for cheaper option. Zumwalt style Smile
    i wonder about capabilities of Yasen-M vs. Virginia tho
    Isos
    Isos


    Posts : 11275
    Points : 11245
    Join date : 2015-11-06

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  Isos Thu Jun 02, 2016 3:27 pm

    max steel wrote:Is it true that the US Navy had intended to replace its Los Angeles-class attack submarines with the powerful new Seawolf-class, which was designed specifically to hunt a new generation of advanced Soviet designs like the Project 941 Akula—which are better known by their NATO moniker as the Typhoon-class. ?  Difference between Project 941 and 971 Akula class ?

    Yes but then with the end of USSR, they were useless and too much expensive so they go for more Virginia class which are cheaper.
    As a SSN they were meant to hunt any russian nuclear sub.

    Typhoon's are SSBN. Akula's are SSN.
    avatar
    Ned86


    Posts : 142
    Points : 142
    Join date : 2016-04-04

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Bratsk and Samara at Zvezdochka

    Post  Ned86 Tue Jun 21, 2016 2:03 pm

    it seems that Bratsk and Samara still didn't start real upgrade at Zvezdochka. Regarding this photo, they are still waiting moored. Probably, they wait for Leopard to be finished first.
    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 0_d48d2_a7d412ad_orig
    avatar
    Ned86


    Posts : 142
    Points : 142
    Join date : 2016-04-04

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  Ned86 Sat Jun 25, 2016 12:13 pm

    Another close up picture of Bratsk and Samara at Zvezdochka....
    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 23-4218420-img-5616a
    zg18
    zg18


    Posts : 888
    Points : 958
    Join date : 2013-09-26
    Location : Zagreb , Croatia

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  zg18 Tue Jul 05, 2016 5:08 am

    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 1

    Akula I nuclear-powered submarine (possibly "Kuzbass") near La Perouse Strait -- June 20, 2016
    (credit: Japanese Ministry of Defense)


    http://7fbtk.blogspot.hr/2016/07/impending-pacific-fleet-exercise.html

    Sponsored content


    Project 971: Akula class - Page 6 Empty Re: Project 971: Akula class

    Post  Sponsored content


      Current date/time is Thu Mar 28, 2024 9:23 pm